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Health Equity through Autism Research Translation (HEART) Lab

The Health Equity through Autism Research Translation (HEART) Lab focuses on reducing autism and neurodevelopmental health disparities through the development and evaluation of innovative models of care both within the US and globally. Our team of scientists, health care clinicians, caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, autistic advocates and learners are passionate about applying cutting-edge research methods to solve real-world health problems and improve the lives of children, their families and the health care clinicians and systems that care for them. The community — whether rural Indiana or resource-constrained regions of Africa — is our living laboratory and the principles of inclusion, respect, mutual learning and benefit, and equitable partnership guide our scientific collaborations. At the HEART Lab, we believe that our science and impact is strengthened when we work together. Our areas of research focus include:

  • Understanding disparities in autism diagnosis to drive new methods for improving health care access and equity.
  • Building capacity of primary care to improve equitable access to autism evaluation at the earliest actionable point.
  • Using participatory methods to optimize primary care training in early autism evaluation.
  • Cultural adaptation of autism evaluation tools for use in resource-constrained local and global communities.
  • Development of autism evaluation models for children from minoritized racial, ethnic and language backgrounds and global settings.
  • Integration of clinical and biobehavioral approaches to advance early autism diagnosis.
boxy heart icon with text: health equity through autism research translation
Dr. Rebecca McNally Keehn working with a young patient

Active Research

Dr. McNally Keehn co-directs the Early Autism Evaluation (EAE) Hub system, a statewide network of primary care physicians and clinicians with specialized training in autism diagnosis for children 14-48 months of age. The EAE Hub system has been generously supported by Kiwanis Indiana and Riley Children’s Foundation since its inception in 2012. Our mission is to improve access to autism evaluation and connect children with interventions and resources to support optimal development. We provide PCPs with 20-30 hours of intensive training in autism diagnosis and ongoing support through our monthly virtual learning collaborative. Once trained, EAE Hub PCPs conduct clinical evaluations, provide diagnostic counseling, and send a report with diagnosis and recommendations to the family and referring PCP. At present, EAE Hubs are embedded within 17 primary care sites across Indiana with over 6,000 Hoosiers from diverse racial/ethnic, SES, and geographic backgrounds served to date. Our evidence-based program has demonstrated that primary care autism diagnosis is feasible, accurate, reduces evaluation wait time, supports entry into intervention, and is highly acceptable to caregivers. Much of the HEART Lab’s research leverages the EAE Hub infrastructure to promote access and equity in autism health services.

Dr. McNally Keehn and young child; Early Autism Evaluation Hub

This project, in collaboration with Sarah Wiehe, MD, MPH’s research team, examines autism prevalence and age of first-time autism diagnosis among Medicaid-eligible children in Indiana. By linking Medicaid enrollment and claims data, we examine longitudinal trends as well as differences in prevalence and age of diagnosis by sex, race, ethnicity, and geographic region between 2017 and 2021. The objective of this work is to understand disparities in autism diagnosis to drive improvements equitable access and distribution of needed services across Indiana. 

The focus of this project is to 1) culturally adapt an open-source autism diagnostic assessment tool for use in western Kenya, and 2) pilot use of this culturally adapted tool as part of a diagnostic evaluation model for young children at increased likelihood for autism implemented at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. Our long-term goal is to develop clinical services that reduce health inequities and improve service access in low-resource global communities. 

The goal of this five-year project is to examine autism diagnostic outcome and eye-tracking markers in young children with and without HIV-exposure while building capacity for neuro-health research in western Kenya. This work will culminate in the achievement of a Global Neuro-Health Collaborative well prepared to conduct high impact transformative autism and eye-tracking research in Kenya, serving as a model for other LMIC.

Dr. Rebecca McNally Keehn and Dr. Keehn with Kenya partners

The objective of this project is to build a collaborative US-India partnership to deepen our understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding autism detection and diagnosis in individuals of Indian origin. The HEART Lab team is collaborating with colleagues at the Lata Medical Research Foundation in Nagpur, India and Hindu Temple of Central Indianapolis (HTCI), a local community organization serving Indian-Americans.

Lata Medical Research Foundation Team in India

The HEART Lab team is collaborating on a large multi-site research study led by Oregon Health and Sciences University focused on advancing children’s mental health care. The IU School of Medicine team, led by HEART Lab’s Dr. McNally Keehn with affiliate members Evangeline Kurtz-Nelson, PhD, and Cristina James, joins Oregon Health and Sciences University, Seattle Children's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Purdue University to harness advances in machine learning, or artificial intelligence, and novel clinical measures to improve prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health conditions in kids and teens. Read more about this landmark study

The HEART Lab is collaborating with University of Virginia on this three-year mixed-methods study that aims to develop a deep understanding of the educational landscape for children with autism in western Kenya. Our interdisciplinary international team of US and Kenyan researchers will examine knowledge, experiences, and beliefs of caregivers, diagnostic professionals, and educators regarding access to and delivery of education for children with autism.

Lab Personnel

Faculty

23179-McNally Keehn, Rebecca

Rebecca McNally Keehn, PhD

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics

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Manasa Swaminathan clinical psychology doctoral student

Manasa Swaminathan, MA

Clinical Psychology Doctoral Student

61004-Martin, Ann Marie

Ann Marie Martin, PhD

Assistant Professor of Clinical Pediatrics

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44123-Fauntleroy-Love, Kristin

Kristin D. Fauntleroy-Love, MA, MBBS

Neurodevelopmental Disabilities, PGY 6
St. George's Hospital Medical School

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Staff

Angela Paxton, BS

Project Manager and Clinical Research Coordinator

Annie Clark Program Manager

Annie Clark

Program Manager

Current Interns/Research Assistants

Malak Belkacemi

Intern

Anna Maddux HEART Lab Intern

Anna Maddux

Stephanie Pozuelos

Undergraduate Research Assistant

Affiliates

Brandon Keehn

Brandon Keehn, PhD

Associate Professor, Purdue University College of Health and Human Services

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Faculty Profile Picture Placeholder IUSM Logo

Patrick Forgey

Christy James Affiliate

Christy James

Paulina Medina Lopez

Faculty Profile Picture Placeholder IUSM Logo

Jasmine Rodriguez

Alumni

Gisela Perez


Sarah Langdon Alumni

Sarah Langdon

Leah Bode Alumni

Leah Bode

Past Grant Funding

  • Development of a Scalable Program for Training Community Pediatricians in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder
    Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute K12TR004415
  • Indiana Early Autism Evaluation and Biomarker Projects
    Riley Children’s Foundation
  • Interdisciplinary Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Other Related Diseases
    Health Research & Services Administration T73MC00015

Supporting Organizations

Our research is made possible by generous support from:

  • Riley Children’s Foundation 
  • Kiwanis Indiana
  • Robert & Helen Haddad Family Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute
  • Indiana Department of Health
  • Purdue Big Ideas Competition 2.0
  • Society for Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics

Publications